What is a key characteristic of a Public-Private Partnership?

A key characteristic of a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is indeed the involvement of the private sector in public projects. This partnership structure enables collaboration between governmental entities and private companies to deliver public infrastructure or services, such as transportation systems, healthcare facilities, and educational institutions.

In a PPP, the private sector typically provides financing, construction, and sometimes operations, which can lead to improved efficiency and innovation. This arrangement often allows for a sharing of risks and responsibilities, leveraging private sector expertise to meet public needs. Such partnerships can enhance the quality of public projects by introducing private sector standards and practices, leading to potential cost savings and timely project delivery.

While other options may appear relevant, they do not fundamentally define the essence of a PPP. For example, construction starting before the completion of design may occur in various project delivery methods, not exclusively in PPPs. Similarly, while price certainty is desirable, it does not capture the unique collaborative nature of public-private interactions. Lastly, stating that architects have more control over the project is not a typical feature of PPPs, as the private partner often holds significant sway over design and execution based on contractual agreements. Thus, the private sector's involvement is a defining trait of a Public-Private Partnership, highlighting the collaborative